在托福考試的過程中要注意答全所有的題目，猜答案并不會扣分。千萬別在答題卡上留下任何空白，如果你不會做，那就猜吧。2020年全國新東方在線托福網(wǎng)校托福閱讀試題及答案。

    TEXT 1

 

　　The observation of the skies has played a special part in the lives and cultures of peoples since the earliest of times. Evidence obtained from a site known as the Hole in the Rock, in Papago Park in Phoenix, Arizona, indicates that it might have been used as an observatory by a prehistoric people known as the Hohokam.

 

　　The physical attributes of the site allow its use as a natural calendar/clock. The "hole" at Hole in the Rock is formed by two large overhanging rocks coming together at a point, creating a shelter with an opening large enough for several persons to pass through. The northeast-facing overhang has a smaller opening in its roof. It is this smaller hole that produces the attributes that may have been used as a calendar/clock.

 

　　Because of its location in the shelter's roof, a beam of sunlight can pass through this second hole and cast a spot onto the shelter's wall and floor. This spot of light travels from west to east as the sun moves across the sky. It also moves from north to south and back again as the Earth travels around the Sun, the west-to-east movement could have been used to establish a daily clock, much like a sundial, while the north-to-south movement could have been used to establish a seasonal calendar.

 

　　The spot first appears and starts down the surface of the wall of the shelter at different times of the morning depending on the time of the year. The spot grows in size from its first appearance until its maximum size is achieved roughly at midday. It then continues its downward movement until it reaches a point where it jumps to the floor of the shelter. As the Sun continues to move to the west, the spot continues to move across the shelter floor and down the butte, or hill, toward a group of small boulders. If a person is seated on a certain one of these rocks as the spot reaches it, the Sun can be viewed through the calendar hole. This occurs at different times in the afternoon depending on the time of year.

 

　　1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

 

　　(A) observations of the stars by ancient people

 

　　(B) rock formations of Arizona

 

　　(C) a site used by ancient people to measure time

 

　　(D) the movement of the earth around the Sun

 

　　2. The word "obtained" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

 

　　(A) acquired

 

　　(B) transported

 

　　(C) covered

 

　　(D) removed

 

　　3. The word "attributes屬性，特征" in line 5 is closest in meaning to

 

　　(A) changes

 

　　(B) characteristics

 

　　(C) locations

 

　　(D) dimensions

 

　　4. The word "its" in line 10 refers to

 

　　(A) roof

 

　　(B) beam

 

　　(C) hole

 

　　(D) spot

 

　　5. The word "establish" in line 15 is closest in meaning to

 

　　(A) create

 

　　(B) locate

 

　　(C) consult

 

　　(D) choose

 

　　6. Which of the following is NOT true of the spot of light?

 

　　(A) It is caused by sunlight passing through a hole.

 

　　(B) It travels across the roof of the shelter.

 

　　(C) Its movement is affected by the position of the Sun.

 

　　(D) It movement could have been used to estimate the time of day.

 

　　7. From which of the following can be the time of year be determined?

 

　　(A) The movement of the spot of light from west to east

 

　　(B) The speed with which the spot of light moves

 

　　(C) The movement of the spot of light from north to south

 

　　(D) The size of the sport of light at midday

 

　　8. The word "roughly粗糙地" in line 18 is closest in meaning to

 

　　(A) finally

 

　　(B) harshly

 

　　(C) uneasily

 

　　(D) approximately

 

　　9. The passage mentions that the Hole in the Rock was used as all of the following EXCEPT

 

　　(A) a calendar

 

　　(B) a home

 

　　(C) a clock

 

　　(D) an observatory

 

　　10. Which of the following can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?

 

　　(A) The boulders are located below the rock shelter.

 

　　(B) The person seated on the rock cannot see the shelter.

 

　　(C) After it passes the boulders, the spot of light disappears.

 

　　(D) The spot of light is largest when it first appears.

 

　　答案：CABCA BCDBA

 

    TEXT 2

 

　　The Native Americans of northern California were highly skilled at basketry, using the reeds, grasses, barks, and roots they found around them to fashion articles of all sorts and sizes — not only trays, containers, and cooking pots, but hats, boats, fish traps, baby carriers, and ceremonial objects.

 

　　Of all these experts, none excelled the Pomo — a group who lived on or near the coast during the 1800's, and whose descendants continue to live in parts of the same region to this day. They made baskets three feet in diameter and others no bigger than a thimble. The Pomo people were masters of decoration. Some of their baskets were completely covered with shell pendants; others with feathers that made the baskets' surfaces as soft as the breasts of birds. Moreover, the Pomo people made use of more weaving techniques than did their neighbors. Most groups made all their basketwork by twining — the twisting of a flexible horizontal material, called a weft, around stiffer vertical strands of material, the warp. Others depended primarily on coiling — a process in which a continuous coil of stiff material is held in the desired shape with tight wrapping of flexible strands. Only the Pomo people used both processes with equal ease and frequency. In addition, they made use of four distinct variations on the basic twining process, often employing more than one of them in a single article.

 

　　Although a wide variety of materials was available, the Pomo people used only a few. The warp was always made of willow, and the most commonly used weft was sedge root, a woody fiber that could easily be separated into strands no thicker than a thread. For color, the Pomo people used the bark of redbud for their twined work and dyed bullrush root for black in coiled work. Though other materials were sometimes used, these four were the staples in their finest basketry.

 

　　If the basketry materials used by the Pomo people were limited, the designs were amazingly varied. Every Pomo basketmaker knew how to produce from fifteen to twenty distinct patterns that could be combined in a number of different ways.

 

　　1. What best distinguished Pomo baskets from baskets of other groups?

 

　　(A) The range of sizes, shapes, and designs

 

　　(B) The unusual geometric

 

　　(C) The absence of decoration

 

　　(D) The rare materials used

 

　　2. The word "fashion" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

 

　　(A) maintain

 

　　(B) organize

 

　　(C) trade

 

　　(D) create

 

　　3. The Pomo people used each of the following materials to decorate baskets EXCEPT

 

　　(A) shells

 

　　(B) feathers

 

　　(C) leaves

 

　　(D) bark

 

　　4. What is the author's main point in the second paragraph?

 

　　(A) The neighbors of the Pomo people tried to improve on the Pomo basket weaving techniques.

 

　　(B) The Pomo people were the most skilled basket weavers in their region.

 

　　(C) The Pomo people learned their basket weaving techniques from other Native Americans.

 

　　(D) The Pomo baskets have been handed down for generations.

 

　　5. The word "others " in line 9 refers to

 

　　(A) masters

 

　　(B) baskets

 

　　(C) pendants

 

　　(D) surfaces

 

　　6. According to the passage , a weft is a

 

　　(A) tool for separating sedge root

 

　　(B) process used for coloring baskets

 

　　(C) pliable maternal woven around the warp

 

　　(D) pattern used to decorate baskets

 

　　7. According to the passage , what did the Pomo people use as the warp in their baskets?

 

　　(A) bullrush

 

　　(B) willow

 

　　(C) sedge

 

　　(D) redbud

 

　　8. The word "article" in line 17 is close in meaning to

 

　　(A) decoration

 

　　(B) shape

 

　　(C) design

 

　　(D) object

 

　　9. According to the passage . The relationship between redbud and twining is most similar to the

 

　　relationship between

 

　　(A) bullrush and coiling

 

　　(B) weft and warp

 

　　(C) willow and feathers

 

　　(D) sedge and weaving

 

　　10. The word "staples" in line 23 is closest in meaning to

 

　　(A) combinations

 

　　(B) limitations

 

　　(C) accessories

 

　　(D) basic elements

 

　　11. The word "distinct" in lime 26 is closest in meaning to

 

　　(A) systematic

 

　　(B) beautiful

 

　　(C) different

 

　　(D) compatible

 

　　12. Which of the following statements about Pomo baskets can be best inferred from the passage ?

 

　　(A) Baskets produced by other Native Americans were less varied in design than those of the

 

　　Pomo people.

 

　　(B) Baskets produced by Pomo weavers were primarily for ceremonial purposes.

 

　　(C) There were a very limited number of basketmaking materials available to the Pomo people.

 

　　(D) The basketmaking production of the Pomo people has increased over the years

 

　　答案：BDCBB CBDAD CA

 

2020年全國新東方在線托福網(wǎng)校托福閱讀試題及答案。對容易的托福考試題目要快答對那些你能保證對的題目要盡快答完，把剩下來的時間用在你認(rèn)為比較復(fù)雜的題目上。