axonal 的音標(biāo)是["?ks?n(?)l]，意思是“軸突的”。要記住這個(gè)單詞，可以嘗試使用詞根記憶法，即根據(jù)單詞的組成部分進(jìn)行聯(lián)想記憶。其中，axon 是“軸突”的意思，-al 是形容詞后綴，表示“...的”。可以想象一下，軸突是神經(jīng)細(xì)胞的一部分，它傳遞神經(jīng)信號(hào)，而 axonal 就是與軸突有關(guān)的。

Axonal這個(gè)詞來源于拉丁語，意為“與軸有關(guān)的”。它的變化形式包括名詞axon（軸索）和形容詞axonal（與軸有關(guān)的）。

相關(guān)單詞：

axon（軸索）：一種神經(jīng)纖維，負(fù)責(zé)傳遞神經(jīng)信號(hào)。

collateral（副的）：副線，與主線并行的軸索。

synapse（突觸）：神經(jīng)元之間傳遞信號(hào)的連接點(diǎn)，也被稱為axon hillock（軸突丘）。

axoneme（軸粒）：一種由中心粒和圍繞其周圍的微管組成的細(xì)胞器，常見于纖毛和鞭毛中。

axotomize（切斷軸索）：指切斷神經(jīng)纖維，導(dǎo)致神經(jīng)功能受損。

axonal transport（軸突運(yùn)輸）：指沿著軸索進(jìn)行的物質(zhì)運(yùn)輸。

axonal growth（軸突生長(zhǎng)）：指神經(jīng)纖維的延伸或增長(zhǎng)。

axonal pathfinding（軸突尋路）：指神經(jīng)元在生長(zhǎng)過程中尋找最佳路徑的行為。

axonal sprouting（軸突再生長(zhǎng)）：指在神經(jīng)損傷后軸索周圍的細(xì)小分支重新生長(zhǎng)的過程。

這些單詞都與axonal這個(gè)詞源有著密切的聯(lián)系，描述了神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能。它們?cè)谏飳W(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)和神經(jīng)科學(xué)等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。

常用短語：

1. axoneme 軸突

2. axonal transport 軸突運(yùn)輸

3. axonal neuropathy 軸突神經(jīng)病

4. axonal guidance 軸突導(dǎo)向

5. axonal growth 軸突生長(zhǎng)

6. axonal pathology 軸突病變

7. axonal sprouting 軸突再生

例句：

1. The neuron sends out long axons to connect with other cells.

神經(jīng)元發(fā)出長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的軸突來與其他細(xì)胞連接。

2. The axonal transport allows the cell to maintain its function even when it is far from the food source.

軸突運(yùn)輸使細(xì)胞即使遠(yuǎn)離食物來源也能維持其功能。

3. Axonal guidance is crucial for the development of the nervous system.

軸突導(dǎo)向?qū)τ谏窠?jīng)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。

4. The damage to the axon can lead to axonal neuropathy.

軸突損傷可能導(dǎo)致軸突神經(jīng)病。

5. The growth of axons is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system.

軸突的生長(zhǎng)對(duì)于神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的正常功能至關(guān)重要。

6. The pathology of axons is a common problem in neurodegenerative diseases.

軸突病變是神經(jīng)退行性疾病中常見的問題。

7. Axonal sprouting plays an important role in nerve repair and regeneration.

軸突再生長(zhǎng)在神經(jīng)修復(fù)和再生中扮演重要角色。

英文小作文：

Neurons are the basic units of the brain that send out long axons to connect with other cells, forming a complex network that controls our body functions. However, the growth and maintenance of these axons are not always easy, and can be affected by various factors, including damage, diseases, and aging.

Axonal guidance, growth, and maintenance are crucial for the proper functioning of the nervous system. In neurodegenerative diseases, for example, the pathology of axons can lead to various symptoms, such as weakness and pain in the limbs, which can significantly affect a person"s quality of life. On the other hand, axonal sprouting, a process that allows for regrowth of damaged axons, plays an important role in nerve repair and regeneration, offering hope for better treatment options in the future. Understanding these processes and developing new therapeutic strategies to support axonal growth and maintenance are key areas of research in the field of neuroscience today.